Thermal Runaway Suppression

In a battery pack, if one or two cells experience an Internal Short Circuit (ISC) or even early-stage thermal runaway, injecting water or a non-flammable coolant immediately can effectively suppress the hazard at its inception.

The three images on the right illustrate three structural designs for injecting coolant into the battery case to suppress thermal runaway:

• Li-ion cells arranged with safety vents facing upward:

    The injection ports are aligned directly with the safety vents.

• Li-ion cells arranged with safety vents facing sideways:

    The injection ports are aligned diagonally (or obliquely) with the safety vents.

• Li-ion cells arranged with safety vents facing sideways (Sandwich Structure):

    The battery case utilizes a double-walled structure (or interlayer) filled with coolant.

A puncturing mechanism pierces the sealing membrane of the interlayer, rapidly flooding the case with coolant.